Phakathi kwezixhobo ze-elektroniki ezininzi esizisebenzisa imihla ngemihla, ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo iikhamera ziphakathi kwezona zidume kakhulu. Ukusuka kwii-smartphones ukuya kwiilaptops ukuya kwiinkqubo zokhuseleko ekhaya, yonke into inekhamera encinci. Ngelixa eyona njongo iphambili yeekhamera kukurekhoda zezona nkumbulo okanye izinto zinomdla kuthi, ezinye zenzelwe imisebenzi ethile. Umzekelo wokuqala yi-cam-cam, okanye iikhamera ezinxibe okanye zibambelele ngokuqinileyo emzimbeni.

Njengoko igama libonisa, umzimba-cam wenzelwe ukumiliselwa kuthi. Abasebenzisi abazisebenzisa kakhulu ngamagosa asebupoliseni aseMelika okanye abasebenzi abasebenza ngokunyanzeliswa komthetho, abasebenzisa ukurekhoda i-footage yobungqina kunye nobungqina. Iimpawu zeentshukumo zezinye iintlobo zeekhamera ezinokunxiba emzimbeni kwaye zikuvumela ukuba urekhode imisebenzi yakho. Oku kubenza bakulungele ukubhloga kwevidiyo okanye ukudubula kwezemidlalo.

Kwiminyaka eliqela edlulileyo, itekhnoloji idityaniswe notshintsho kunye nenkqubela phambili kwicandelo lamapolisa nokhuseleko liye lachaza uninzi lwemiba yamapolisa kunye neenkonzo zokhuselo. Ubukhulu becala ukubona itekhnoloji njengokwandiswa komthetho ukuze kusetyenziswe ubundlobongela (njengokusebenzisa ii-TASERs) -njengokuvavanywa kwe-DNA (eRoma, ngo-2008) -kwaye nendlela yokuphucula ukusebenza nokusebenza kweenkonzo enikezelwa ngamapolisa ngokunxulumene nokufunyanwa kolwaphulo-mthetho ngokuhambelana nemodeli yamapolisa exeliweyo (Intelligence-Led) - ubuPolisa) kunye nolwazi lokuphatha (olufana nohlalutyo lwamabala ashushu olwenziwe yiCrimeView kusetyenziswa iPolice Information Information System.

Itekhnoloji iye yasetyenziswa ngakumbi njengeendlela zokugada kunye nokubeka esweni ngabemi abaqhelekileyo nangamapolisa. Kwii-1990s zokuqala kumapolisa ohlukeneyo ase-US, iikhamera ezixhonywe kwiividiyo ezisemotweni zavela njengendlela entsha yokurekhoda unxibelelwano lwexesha lokwenyani phakathi kwamapolisa nabantu abaqhelekileyo (Pilant, 1995).

Ngaphandle kokuxhathisa kwangoko okubonelelwe ngamagosa asebupoliseni kwezi khamera (Pilant, 1995), uphando lubonakalisile ukuba bayayandisa imbonakalo yokhuseleko yokuba amapolisa aziva esenza imisebenzi yawo, ekonyusa ukuphendula nokwenza izinto elubala elubala nakumapolisa. kunye nokucutha uxanduva emapoliseni. Ngenxa yoko, le teknoloji iye yamkeleka ngokubanzi kwaye yamkelwe ngabasemagunyeni abomthetho base-US (IACP, 2003).

Kwelinye icala, iinkqubo ze-CCTV ziye zathandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabezomthetho nabahlali abasebenza ngokunyanzeliswa komthetho njengoko babonelela ngezinto ezimbini ezibaluleke kakhulu zokujonga kunye nokuthintela, ezinjengothintelo lolwaphulo-mthetho ngokubanzi kunye nesixhobo sophando lwamapolisa.

Ewe kunjalo, ukwanda kunye nokwanda kwee-smartphones (ezinevidiyo eyakhelwe-ngaphakathi kunye nekhamera yeaudio) kule mihla yedijithali, kuye kwandise amandla okurekhoda iziganeko njengoko zisenzeka, ngakumbi ngexesha lokudibana kwamapolisa kunye nabemi. Ngenxa yoko, ividiyo kunye nokurekhodwa komsindo kube yinxalenye ebanzi yobomi be-21st-century.

Yintoni iikhamera zomzimba eziBanjiweyo zii-BWC?

Uphuhliso lwethekhnoloji lwamva nje kwicandelo lokunyanzelwa komthetho kwicandelo lokujonga luquka iikhamera ezinxitywa ngamapolisa kunye nangoonogada babucala ngexesha lenkonzo (amapolisa onxibe iikhamera zomzimba). Itekhnoloji yokusebenzisa ezi khamera ilula kakhulu kwaye iya kuchazwa kamva.

https://www.google.com/search?q=The+Evolution+of+Body-Worn+Camera+Technology&sxsrf=ACYBGNSWOIcAeBBIRfLTnkgAH9YmZFQ9xA:1571824412321&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiN6fqdjrLlAhUMrI8KHcMBBWsQ_AUIFCgD&biw=1533&bih=801#imgrc=dNSPuHdlC3aGfM:

Ikhamera ephethwe ngamapolisa okanye unogada (esisixhobo esincinci esirekhodisha umfanekiso nesandi) iirekhoda intsebenzo kunye nokunxibelelana kwepolisa okanye unogada kunye nommi, ixhoba okanye umenzi wobubi. Umboniso kunye nevidiyo efakwe kwiikhamera eziphathwayo zisetyenziswa ngamaGunya oKhuseleko kunye neeNkonzo ukubonelela ekuhleni kubudlelwane babo noluntu apho banokuphendula khona.

Isebenza njani ikhamera ephathekayo?

Obu buchwephesha busebenzisa ikhamera ebekwe esiqwini okanye emzimbeni wepolisa okanye konogada. Ikhamera ephathekayo inokuthi ikhuseleke ngentambo ukusuka entanyeni yepolisa okanye ilungiswe epokothweni okanye ikhola yeyunifomu yegosa lamapolisa. Inokufakwa nakwizilazi zelanga ezinxitywe lipolisa. Ngokubanzi, nangona kunjalo, ikhamera ephathekayo ibekwe kwiindawo eziphezulu zomzimba ukubonelela ngokubonakalayo xa urekhoda ividiyo kunye nesandi.

Le teknoloji inokufaka iividiyo kunye nee-audio snapshots. Oku kumvumela ukuba abhale phantsi oko kubonwa ligosa ngexesha lokuhamba kwakhe kwaye ngenxa yoko irekhoda intshukumo nganye eyenziwayo phambi kwakhe nangaye nawuphi na umntu odibana naye. Umthamo wokurekhoda unokukhawulwa ukusuka kwiiyure ezimbalwa ukuya kwiiyure ze14. Kukho iikhamera ezininzi eziphathwayo ezinxitywa yunifomu yamapolisa, kubandakanya iPanasonic, VIEVU, TASER International, WatchGuard, kunye neWolfcom Enterprise. Iindleko zekhamera enjalo zingasukela kwi- $ 200 ukuya kwi- $ 1000, ukusuka kwi- $ 185 ukuya kwi- $ 925.

Iikhamera eziphathwayo zinokubandakanya iindlela ezininzi zokukhetha, ezinjengokulawulwa kweekhamera ezinokusebenziseka lula, ezinje ngokucinezela kwiqhosha lerekhodi, ulawulo lwesikrini, ividiyo, kunye nokusasazwa komsindo kunye nokujonga kwangaphambili, kunye nokudlala ngoku kwisikripthi esinokudityaniswa. . Umboniso wevidiyo obanjiswe ngeekhamera ukhutshelwa ngedokethi yekhamera kwisixhobo sokugcina sendawo (umzekelo iseva yendawo kwinethiwekhi yangaphakathi) okanye ngeqonga lokugcina imithombo yedijithali elikwi-Intanethi, apho idatha inokubhaliweyo kwaye ilawulwe. Ezinye iimodeli zivumela ividiyo ukuba ilayishwe ngelixa ipolisa sele likwisigaba sokusebenza.

Itekhnoloji yokusebenzisa iikhamera eziphathwayo ibandakanya izinto ezininzi, ezahlukileyo phakathi kwabavelisi beekhamera njengoko kuchaziwe ngaphambili. Umzekelo, inkqubo yeTASER International ebizwa ngokuba yi-AXON ibandakanya-

• Ikhamera encinci iyunifom yamapolisa (nokuba kunxibe ihempe okanye ihempe yentsimbi okanye iilokhwe) erekhoda okubonwa lipolisa,
• Isixhobo esincinci (umzekelo, iLaptop ye-Smartphone) apho kugcinwa khona ividiyo kwaye
• Ibhetri ehlala i-12 ukuya kwiiyure ze-14 kwaye ibandakanya nesitshiji sombane sekhamera ukwenza ikhamera ifake umfanekiso wamapolisa kwintando yakhe.

Inkqubo ye-AXON iza nenkonzo yokugcinwa kwedatha esekwe lilifu apho ipolisa eliphetheyo okanye igosa libeka esirekhodweni kwindawo yokugcina izinto kwi-web kwaye iseva yogcino lwewebhu ngakwelinye icala, iVIEVU yenkqubo yekhamera yinkqubo emileyo enenkqubo Isixhobo esichaziweyo esenziwa ngamapolisa emizimbeni yabo kubandakanya ividiyo kunye nekhamera yeaudio kunye nothintelo olusekwe kwilifu kunye nokugcinwa kwedatha. ukulayisha kunye nokulayisha ngokukhuselekileyo zonke iividiyo ezirekhodiwe kwindawo yogcino lwedatha.

Kwelinye icala, i-VIEVU ibiphethe inkqubo yekhamera yinkqubo esime yodwa kunye nesixhobo esisebenzayo amapolisa asiphatha kwimizimba yabo kubandakanya ividiyo kunye nekhamera yeaudio kunye nokuhanjiswa okusekwe lilifu nokugcinwa kwedatha.