Ukungathembani kwamapolisa phakathi koluntu

Xa kuqubuka iimbambano ngexesha lokudibana kwamapolisa, amapolisa kulindeleke ukuba aziphathe kakuhle ngokuthi alandele umgaqo olandelwayo. Ngokunyuka kwempatho-mbi yamapolisa kumazwe ahlukeneyo, kukho ukungathembani phakathi koluntu malunga nezenzo zamapolisa ngexesha leengxabano. Nokuba nokudibana kwemihla ngemihla phakathi kwabemi kunye namapolisa, nokuba kukwimo yendawo, kukwanegalelo ekungathembani ngokubanzi. Umzekelo, phakathi kowama-2010 nowama-2014, ngaphezulu kwama-65% abathathi-nxaxheba (eMelika) kuPhononongo lweSizwe loTshintsho kunye nokujonga ukuKhuseleko loLuntu baxele inqanaba lokungazithembi kumapolisa nakwezokuhambisa amapolisa. Nangona le yinto eqheleke kakhulu eMelika, ezi mvakalelo kufuneka zithintelwe ekukhuleni kwimibutho yaseAsia efana neSingapore. Kuyimfuneko ukwazisa ngeendlela zokongamela kunye nokuphendula ukuze kusonjululwe ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kwamandla emibutho yamapolisa kwinqanaba lendawo kunye nokuphucula ukuzithemba kwabemi, ukuvumela ukunyanzeliswa komthetho okusebenzayo.

Kulapho kungena iikhamera ezinxibe umzimba. Iikhamera ezinxibe umzimba ziyinto elula kodwa esebenzayo, ekhuthaza amapolisa kunye nabemi ukuba balandele imigaqo-nkqubo, njengoko iikhamera zibabamba uxanduva. Ukuboniswa kwekhamera kuvumela ukujongisisa kwakhona ukudibana, ukwenza kube lula ukusombulula umba njengoko kubalwa izityholo okanye iingxelo, okanye ukubambeka. Iikhamera ezinxibe umzimba ziyasebenza njengesixhobo sokomeleza inkqubo yamapolisa xa iyonke. Ngokubhalwa kwemiboniso bhanyabhanya kunokusetyenziselwa ukufunda kwikamva, ngokuqonda okwenziwe ngokulungileyo okanye okungcono.

Ukurekhodwa kwevidiyo kusetyenziswa iikhamera ezigqunywe ngumzimba kungekuphela nje ngokunyanzelisa amapolisa ukuba aphendule, kodwa ikwabanika isixhobo esiluncedo sokuchonga amandla kunye nobuthathaka babo. Ukuphunyezwa kwayo kunganceda ukulungisa ukuthembana kwabemi kunye nolwalamano lwaseburhulumenteni nabasemagunyeni.

Iikhamera ezinxibe umzimba ziye zaphunyezwa ngempumelelo kumazwe amaninzi njengempendulo kwimicimbi yokuthenjwa, ukwanda korhwaphilizo kunye nokusetyenziswa gwenxa kwegunya phakathi kwamapolisa. E-United States, umzekelo, uvavanyo olwenziwe liQonga lezoPhando leSigqeba soPolisa (isebe lokuphanda leSebe lezoBulungisa) libonisa ukuba ukusetyenziswa kweekhamera ezinxibe umzimba kuphucule ukucacisa kunye nokuphendula kwimeko yezikhalazo zabemi, ngokunjalo ukuchonga nokulungisa imicimbi yangaphakathi. Ngaphaya koko, kuvavanyo lwempembelelo ezimbini, eMesa, Arizona, kunye nezinye eRialto, eCalifornia, kugqitywe kwelokuba ukumiselwa kokurekhodwa kwevidiyo, kusetyenziswa iikhamera ezinxibe umzimba, ukunciphisa inani lezikhalazo zabemi ngama-75 kunye neepesenti ezingama-60 ngokwahlukeneyo.

Ngokubanzi, ubungqina beenkcukacha-manani bubonisa ukuba ukumiliselwa kweekhamera ezinjalo kukhokelela kwisiphumo esihle: indlela yokuziphatha yomntu iphucuka xa esiva ukuba ubekiwe. Ngale ndlela, abahlali ababoni nje kuphela imisebenzi yamapolisa ngcono, kodwa amagosa asebupoliseni anika ingxelo yokunxibelelana okuhle nabemi emva kokumiliselwa kweekhamera ezinxibe umzimba.

Nangona kunjalo, iya kuba yimpazamo enkulu kwaye ineendleko ukungenisa itekhnoloji yokhuseleko ephumelelayo ngaphandle kokuseka isiseko esifanelekileyo seziko, okanye ukuphuhlisa izakhiwo ezifanelekileyo zokuphunyezwa kwayo. Ukuze iikhamera ezinxibe umzimba zivelise iziphumo ezinokulinganiswa kunye nezakhayo, abomthetho, iintloko zamapolisa kunye nabemi kufuneka baqwalasele iingcebiso kunye nezifundo abazifundileyo kwamanye amazwe abaye baphumeza iinkqubo ezinjalo.

Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa iikhamera ezinxibe umzimba, kufuneka sithathele ingqalelo ezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Amagosa asebupoliseni kufuneka aqeqeshelwe ukulawulwa kwekhamera enxibe umzimba ngokusekwe kwisakhelo somthetho kunye neencwadi zamanyathelo ezenzo zamapolisa.
• Xa ikhamera kufuneka ivulwe. Umzekelo, ukurekhoda usebenzisa iikhamera kuya kuba luncedo ngexesha lolwaphulo-mthetho, ukubanjwa, ukuvavanywa, ukuxoxwa imibuzo, kunye neentshutshiso. Nangona kunjalo, abemi banelungelo lokwazi ukuba ziya kubhalwa nini kwaye banokufuna ilungelo labo lokuba ngasese kwiimeko ezibuthathaka.
• Amagosa asebupoliseni kufuneka azi ukuba uvavanyo luphicothwa nini kwaye njani
• Dala iqela lobuchwephesha elinemigaqo ecacileyo xa usasaza ulwazi, kungekuphela nje ukunqanda iindlela zokhuseleko kodwa nokuqinisekisa ukufikelela kulwazi.
• Yandisa amandla ogcino lwasekhaya, nokuba kungokunikezela kumaseva wesithathu okanye ngokutyala imali kulondolozo lwedijithali.
• Thatha amanyathelo okhuseleko lwe-cyber kwaye usebenzise iindlela zophando ezichonga ubunyani okanye ubuqhetseba kwiirekhodi zevidiyo.
• Ukuseka imigaqo-nkqubo yokusebenzisana kunye nolungelelwaniso phakathi kukamaspala, urhulumente kunye nabasemagunyeni ukuze kuqinisekiswe uzinzo lwezezimali kunye nokusebenza kokurekhodwa kwevidiyo.

Xa ufezekiswa amanyathelo afanelekileyo kwindawo, iikhamera ezinxibe umzimba zisebenza njengesixhobo esifanelekileyo samapolisa.