Pamene apolisi aku US akuwonetsedwa mwachidwi ndi anthu omwe amawatumikira, maofesi angapo akugwira makamera ovala kuti afotokozere mgwirizano wawo ndi anthu ambiri. Apolisi komanso omenyera ufulu womwewo adakhulupirira kuti zochitika zawotchi zingathandize kudzetsa kuchitira nkhanza olamulira monga kuwongolera momwe apolisi amathandizira anthu. Ngakhale zili choncho, lipoti lotulutsidwa sabata yamawa likunena za kuchuluka kwa maofesi omwe amafunikira malamulo kuti adziwitsegulire zokhudzana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito makamera komanso kujambula komwe amasonkhanitsa.

Zovuta za Makamera Athupi pa Anthu ndi Chiwopsezo Chaupandu:

Kalata yolembetsedwa kwambiri yojambulidwa pakamero kuchokera ku The Leadership Conference on Civil and Human rights, akugwira ntchito ndi nzeru komanso njira yolangizira Upturn, adayang'ana maofesi apolisi a 50 US ndikuwawonetsa akudwala pagawo lalikulu la mayeso asanu ndi atatu a mayeso. Zizindikiro izi zimaphatikizapo momwe apolisi amatetezera bwino zomwe amateteza, ngakhale atakhala kuti amaloledwa kukafufuza kanema asanalembe lipoti lake, kuchuluka kwa momwe akujambulira komanso ngati anthu wamba amatha kuwona filimu yomwe adawonetsera. Mabungwe osiyanasiyana ochita zofanana pakati pa anthu, otetezera chitetezo ndi magawo a nkhani adapanga njira mu Meyi 2015 kuti athandizire momwe maofesi amathandizira ndikugwiritsa ntchito zatsopanozi.

Palibe wa magawano omwe adachita bwino m'makalasi onse. Choonadi chikuwuzidwa kuti 13 idadutsa zigawenga m'malo osiyanasiyana, monga Wade Henderson, Purezidenti ndi CEO wa The Utsogoleri, msonkhano wamamembala omenyera ufulu wopangidwa mu 1950 kuti alankhule ndi mabungwe osiyanasiyana kuphatikiza NAACP ndi ACLU. Maofesi apolisi ku Ferguson, Mo., ndi Fresno, Calif. Ananyalanyazidwa kuti akwaniritse njira iliyonse. Ferguson adachita chidwi ndi dziko lonse zaka ziwiri izi zisanachitike pomwe apolisi kumeneko anapha mwana wopanda mfuti waku Africa-America a Michael Brown, ndikupangitsa kuti pakhale mkangano pazonse pazomwe amavomerezedwa ndi malamulo.

Zovuta pakugwiritsa ntchito makamera amthupi:

Magulu omenyera ufulu wachibadwidwe ali ndi nkhawa kuti pulogalamu yama biometric yokhala ndi nkhope yovomereza nkhope ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kusiyanitsa anthu mu kanema wa kamera, ndi makina asanu ndi atatu opanga ma processor kamera ikuyendera modalira kuti angafune kuwononga mfundo pakugwiritsa ntchito ma biometrics. Zatsopano zomwe akuyembekezeka kuzidziwitsa anthu pakamera pano zimafuna kuphatikiza mphamvu, kuwerengera ndi moyo wa batri wa kamera zomwe sizikupezekabe - komabe zimatha kusintha mwachangu ngati Taser International ndi ena opanga makamera olimbitsa thupi atakulitsa maluso ophera mphamvu. Zowonjezera, kuvomereza kwa nkhope kuti mwasiya zithunzi monga zilipo.

Magulu omenyera ufulu wa anthu amaopa apolisi adzagwiritsa ntchito makamera ngati kukonza zida zowonera poyang'ana madera ocheperako, Henderson adatero poyankhulana ndi anthu. Maofesi angapo adachitapo kanthu pazovutazi pokakamiza malangizo kuti athetse kutulutsa kovomerezeka pamaso panu. Dipatimenti ya Apolisi a ku Baltimore inali yokhayo pachaka chomaliza cha ziwonetsero za Utsogoleri pamsonkhano womwe malingaliro ake tsopano akukakamiza kusaka mafilimu. Kalata yaposachedwa kwambiri pamsonkhanowu ikuwonetsa kuti apolisi ku Baltimore County, Boston, Cincinnati, Montgomery County, Md., Ndi Parker, Colo., Ali ndi zoletsa zina zonse za ma biometric.

A James Coldren, yemwe amayang'anira mabungwe othandizira ndalama ku CNA Institute for Public Research, anati: "Kugwiritsa ntchito ma biometric kudzakhala vuto lalikulu osati kutsogolo." Imafanana ndi china chilichonse. Ma biometrictha amatha kupanga zovuta ngati sizikulamulidwa kapena kufufuzidwa ndipo anthu omwe ali ndi zolinga zoyipa amagwiritsa ntchito motero. ”Coldren ndi a William Sousa, wamkulu wa Center for Crime and Justice Policy ku University of Nevada, Las Vegas, akufufuza kafukufuku Pulogalamu yovala makina a Las Vegas Metropolitan Police department. Sanachite nawo kafukufuku wa Mtsogoleri wa Atsogoleri pano pomwe apeza kuti, patatha zovuta zina, maofesi apolisi akuitanitsa makamera ovala thupi. "[Ku Las Vegas] gawoli lidawona kuti zojambulidwa ndizothandiza kwa owona mtima komanso oyipa kwa omwe ali ndi mlandu," Coldren akuti.

Mosasamala kanthu za zomwe zili pafupi, zovuta zosiyana ndizofinya kuposa ma biometric, atero a Michael White, mphunzitsi wazamakhalidwe pa Arizona State University yemwe adafufuza makamera ovala matupi a US Branch of Justice (DoJ). "Ndamva zokambirana zina zokhuza [kugwiritsa ntchito ma biometric] komabe sindikudziwa za mabungwe aliwonse omwe akuyenda mwachangu njira imeneyi panthawiyi." Mwa njira zomwe Utsogoleri wa Mtsogoleri wawo umayambira, zazikulu kwambiri zimaphatikizidwa ndi akuluakulu aboma ndi momwe amatetezerera chitetezo cha anthu, makamaka ochita zoipa adazunza anthu. Zovuta zoterezi zakhala zikuchitika chifukwa maofesi ena amapanga njira za YouTube kujambula.

Zovuta pankhani yachuma chamakamera:

Magawano ambiri amatanthauza mtengo ngati cholepheretsa kugwiritsa ntchito zomwe wapezazo. Makamera pawokha amatha kutulutsa ndalama kuchokera ku $ 300 mpaka $ 800 paudindo aliyense, ndi kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa ndalama zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pang'onopang'ono pamwezi mwezi uliwonse mpaka mwezi. Zotsalazo ndizovuta koma kutsimikiza: zida, kukonzekera ndi kusungitsa zambiri. Ndalama, mwachitsanzo, ndalama zochepetsedwa kapena maubwenzi ochepera a petulant, zitha kukhala kuti, momwe zingakhalire, sizomwe zili zophweka kuwunika, atero White, wogwirizira wamkulu wa gulu lomwe limaphunzitsanso ndikuthandizira kuvomerezedwa kwamaofesi olola zamalamulo omwe makamera ake amagwira amathandizidwa ndi Dongosolo la DoJ's Bureau of Justice Assistant (BJA) Pilot Implementation Program. Komabe, White akuganiza kuti mwina gawo lina la mitengoyo likhala lotsutsana. "Maofesi akuluakulu apolisi nthawi zambiri amalipira $ 10 pachaka pafupifupi miliyoni miliyoni pachaka chilichonse," akutero. "Ndikangoona kuti makamera ovala thupi atha kuchepetsa nthai imeneyi, zimakhala zabwino kwambiri."

BJA imagwiritsa ntchito chiphaso chake kuyesa njira za makanema omwe amagwiritsa ntchito njira za 17 zoyeserera, kuphatikiza ngati oyang'anira amafunsidwa nthawi yomwe akufunika kuwongolera makamera awo komanso momwe angatsitsire mojambulira ku PC ma office. Pali zifukwa zomveka zokonzera izi zikuvomereza kufufuzidwa motere: BJA idatulutsa mwalamulo ndalama zoposa $ 19 miliyoni ku maofesi a 73 kudutsa dziko lonse kuti agule makamera ovomerezeka.